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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.05
Rank#97  Overall
#17  Document stores
#16  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleGoogleOracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20182008201120112004
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.23, February 202124.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details herenooptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (GQL)noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Enginenonoyes
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featurenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsnoconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreLevelDBOracle NoSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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