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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LeanXcale vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LeanXcale vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.64
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.leanxcale.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.heavy.aiwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleHEAVY.AI, Inc.LeanXcaleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20182015201620152019
Current release1.0.0, June 20245.10, January 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++ and CUDAClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes infothrough Apache Derbylimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C
Java
Scala
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoRound robinnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud BigtableHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022LeanXcaleXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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