DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Graph Engine vs. Spark SQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Graph Engine vs. Spark SQL vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

duckdb.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.graphengine.io

spark.apache.org/sql

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2018

2010

2014

2011

Current release

0.10, February 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

.NET and C

Scala

Server operating systems

server-less

hosted

.NET

Linux
OS X
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

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