DBMS > DuckDB vs. GBase vs. Google BigQuery vs. STSdb vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. GBase vs. Google BigQuery vs. STSdb vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

duckdb.org

www.gbase.cn

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

Developer

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Google

STS Soft SC

8Kdata

Initial release

2018

2004

2010

2011

2016

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

server-less

Linux

hosted

Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

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