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DBMS > DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hyprcubd vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hyprcubd vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyprcubd  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Hyprcubd seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Serverless Time Series DBMSWell established RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhyprcubd.com (offline)www.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperFoundationDBHyprcubd, Inc.Actian CorporationGoogle
Initial release201820131974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2011
Current release1.0.0, June 20246.2.28, November 202011.2, May 20221.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++GoCC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infotime, int, uint, float, stringyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (https).NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynoyesno
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesIngres Replicatornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesnoyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonotoken accessfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DuckDBFoundationDBHyprcubdIngresLevelDB
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