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DBMS > DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. H2GIS vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. H2GIS vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Spatial extension of H2Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comwww.h2gis.orgwww.progress.com/­marklogic
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homewww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerCNRSMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20182013200520132001
Current release1.0.0, June 20246.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 202311.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoLGPL 3.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaJavaC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infobased on H2yes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infobased on H2yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on H2Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
DuckDBFoundationDBH2H2GISMarkLogic
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