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DBMS > DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformCloud-based data warehousing serviceBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleIBM
Initial release20182013200820142014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release0.10, February 20246.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)yesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App EnginePL/SQL, SQL PLuser defined functions
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesMulti-source replication using Paxosyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBPostgres-XL
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