DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Extremely fast embedded database for small devices, IoT and Mobile

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.29
Rank	#166	Overall
	#5	Object oriented DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

www.firebirdsql.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

objectbox.io

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.objectbox.io

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Firebird Foundation

Microsoft

ObjectBox Limited

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2018

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

1989

2017

2014

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

5.0.0, January 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

C and C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

server-less

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Android
iOS
Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Dart
Go
Java
JavaScript

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Kotlin
Python

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Swift

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PSQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

online/offline synchronization between client and server

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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