DBMS > dBASE vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Website

www.dbase.com

duckdb.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.marklogic.com

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

duckdb.org/docs

firebase.google.com/docs/database

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.marklogic.com

Developer

Asthon Tate

Google

acquired by Google 2014

MarkLogic Corp.

Initial release

1979

2018

2012

2014

2001

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

0.10, February 2024

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

server-less

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

limited functionality with using 'rules'

View functions in JavaScript

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

yes

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

DB-Engines Ranking coverage expanded to 169 database management systems
3 June 2013, Paul Andlinger

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Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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