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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Hypertable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.graphengine.iowww.h2database.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.html
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftThomas MuellerHypertable Inc.
Initial release20182012201020052009
Current release0.10, February 20242.2.220, July 20230.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++.NET and CJavaC++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshosted.NETAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaC++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'yesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DuckDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityH2Hypertable
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