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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Websiteduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.hawkular.orgwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleCommunity supported by Red HatMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20182012201720142001
Current release0.10, February 202411.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'nonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
DuckDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerHawkular MetricsMarkLogic
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