DBMS > DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. Geode vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. Geode vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

www.exasol.com/resources

geode.apache.org/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Exasol

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2018

2000

2002

2014

Current release

0.10, February 2024

1.1, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

server-less

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access rights per client and object definable

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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