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DBMS > Drizzle vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Drizzle vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitememgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
spark.apache.org/­sqlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iospark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerMemgraph LtdVesoft Inc.Apache Software FoundationOpenLink Software
Initial release20082017201920141998
Current release7.2.4, September 20123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGNU GPLOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++ScalaC
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
LinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schemayesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoSQL-like query languageSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBCBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersno infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.noyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningShardingyes, utilizing Spark Coreyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPUsers, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DrizzleMemgraphNebulaGraphSpark SQLVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
DrizzleMemgraphNebulaGraphSpark SQLVirtuoso
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