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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitedgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseorientdb.orgterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20162019201320102018
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLJava, Javascriptyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenShardingGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replicationJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableRole-based access control

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More resources
DgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBOrientDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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