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DBMS > Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSIn-memory JavaScript DBMSWidely used in-process key-value storeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOpenLink Software
Initial release2016201419941998
Current release18.1.40, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaScriptC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JavaScript APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftnoneSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphLokiJSOracle Berkeley DBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
DgraphLokiJSOracle Berkeley DBVirtuoso
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