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DBMS > Dgraph vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.keydb.devdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20162019201920132018
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-3commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLyes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsnoACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasessimple password-based access control and ACLAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersRole-based access control

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More resources
DgraphKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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