DBMS > Dgraph vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Milvus vs. Postgres-XL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Milvus vs. Postgres-XL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalability

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.54
Rank	#84	Overall
	#14	Document stores
	#10	Key-value stores
	#1	Object oriented DBMS
	#45	Relational DBMS

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.intersystems.com/products/intersystems-iris

milvus.io

www.postgres-xl.org

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.intersystems.com/irislatest/csp/docbook/DocBook.UI.Page.cls

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

InterSystems

8Kdata

Initial release

2016

2018

2019

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2016

Current release

2023.3, June 2023

2.3.4, January 2024

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++, Go

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

depending on used data model

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

yes

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
» more

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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