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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iogoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2013201620142010
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoJava, Javascript
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via RaftnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphLovefieldOrientDB
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