DBMS > Dgraph vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Immudb vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.immudb.io

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Codenotary

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2016

2010

2020

2014

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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