DBMS > Dgraph vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.04
Rank	#77	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Hypertable Inc.

Microsoft

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2016

2009

2012

1989

2014

Current release

0.9.8.11, March 2016

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

hosted

Linux
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

C++ API
Thrift

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

selectable replication factor on file system level

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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