DBMS > Dgraph vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

hsqldb.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2001

2016

1989

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C#
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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