DBMS > Dgraph vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Baidu

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2018

2014

Current release

0.9

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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