DBMS > Dgraph vs. Hive vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Hive vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

hive.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Hypertable Inc.

Microsoft

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2016

2012

2009

2014

2011

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

0.9.8.11, March 2016

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

hosted

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

C++ API
Thrift

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

.Net

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

selectable replication factor

selectable replication factor on file system level

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Based on Windows Authentication

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