DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. SQLite vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. SQLite vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2016

2005

2000

2014

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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