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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqltinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Pivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20162005201620142009
Current release7.0.0, September 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnono

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More resources
DgraphGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLTinkerGraph
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