DBMS > Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Greenplum vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.08
Rank	#48	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

greenplum.org

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.greenplum.org

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Pivotal Software Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

SAP

Initial release

2016

2005

2016

2010

Current release

7.0.0, September 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Java

C#
Java
PHP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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