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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tarantool.iowww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software FoundationVKTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20162017201420081987
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.10.0, May 2022Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoScalaC and C++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Open binary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes
Triggersnononoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQLTarantoolTransbase
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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