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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlgithub.com/­torodb/­servervelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleOracle8KdataVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20162017201120162011
Current release23.3, December 20237.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaJavaC#
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
All OS with a Java 7 VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeschema-freeyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptionalyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API.Net
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
TriggersnonononoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)noACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infooff heap cacheyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerOracle NoSQLToroDBVelocityDB
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