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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformIn-memory JavaScript DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.95
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release2016200820141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1992
Current release16.3, May 202417, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details herenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App EngineView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
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