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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kinetica vs. Tarantool vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kinetica vs. Tarantool vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.kinetica.comwww.tarantool.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.kinetica.comwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleKineticaVKOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20162015201220082005
Current release7.1, August 20212.10.0, May 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, C++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsFull-featured ANSI SQL supportFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Open binary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles on table levelAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableKineticaTarantoolVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableKineticaTarantoolVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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