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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JSqlDb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JSqlDb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonJSqlDb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
JSqlDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.JavaScript Query Language Database, stores JavaScript objects and primitivesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablejsqldb.org (offline)azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpouchdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleKonrad von BackstromMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20162015201820192012
Current release0.8, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases7.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonofunctions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RView functions in JavaScript
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableJSqlDbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPouchDB
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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