DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#203	Overall
	#34	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.harperdb.io

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

help.sap.com/hana

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

HarperDB

SAP

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2016

2015

2017

2010

2022

Current release

3.1, August 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Node.js

Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

yes

yes, based on authentication and database rules

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.