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DBMS > Dgraph vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed reliable key-value storeGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.ioetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleGoogle
Initial release201620152017
Current release3.4, August 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
DgraphetcdGoogle Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud Spanner
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