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DBMS > Dgraph vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Event Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storeazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.General Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleIBMMicrosoft
Initial release20162004201520172019
Current releaseGBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c2.0cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, Java, PythonC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoStandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesActive-active shard replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesNo - written data is immutableyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
DgraphGBaseGoogle Cloud BigtableIBM Db2 Event StoreMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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