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DBMS > Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquasar.ai
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.FoundationDBMicrosoftquasardb
Initial release2016201320192009
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases3.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkwith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
DgraphFoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuasardb
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