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DBMS > Dgraph vs. etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed reliable key-value storeOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Websitedgraph.ioetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
apple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.FoundationDBGoogle
Initial release201620132015
Current release3.4, August 20196.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnono infosome layers support typingno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnonono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonosupported in specific SQL layer onlyno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDAtomic single-row operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
DgraphetcdFoundationDBGoogle Cloud Bigtable
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