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DBMS > Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iogithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgeode.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbgeode.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.FoundationDBOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleVK
Initial release20162013200220152008
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.1, February 20172.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-freeFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesnostring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (OQL)noFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsnoLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnonoyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesMulti-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeAtomic single-row operationsACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
DgraphFoundationDBGeodeGoogle Cloud BigtableTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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