DBMS > Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Greenplum

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Enterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache Trafodion

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.16
Rank	#329	Overall
	#146	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	8.37
Rank	#48	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.esgyn.cn

cloud.google.com/spanner

greenplum.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.greenplum.org

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Esgyn

Google

Pivotal Software Inc.

Initial release

2016

2015

2017

2005

Current release

7.0.0, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph launches Slash GraphQL, a GraphQL-native database Backend-as-a-Service
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Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
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20 July 2022, FinSMEs

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