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DBMS > Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Websitedgraph.ioduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­datastore
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleGoogle
Initial release2016201820152008
Current release0.10, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lesshostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes, details here
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like query language (GQL)
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononousing Google App Engine
TriggersnononoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
DgraphDuckDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud Datastore
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