DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Pinecone vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Pinecone vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#92	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Website

db.apache.org/derby

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.pinecone.io

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

1997

1989

2019

2010

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

String, Number, Boolean

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Python

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

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