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DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#142  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropentsdb.netorientdb.org
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreropentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release1997201920112010
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Telnet API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoJava, Javascript
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on HBaseSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on HBaseMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenTSDBOrientDB
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