DBMS > Derby vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. OrientDB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Widely used open source RDBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

db.apache.org/derby

github.com/google/leveldb

www.mysql.com

orientdb.org

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

dev.mysql.com/doc

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

1997

2011

1995

2010

2020

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

1.23, February 2021

8.4.0, April 2024

3.2.29, March 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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