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DBMS > Derby vs. Heroic vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Heroic vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbygithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquasar.ai
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperApache Software FoundationSpotifyGoogleMicrosoftquasardb
Initial release19972014201420192009
Current release10.17.1.0, November 20232.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases3.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBCHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaJavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
TriggersyesnoUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkwith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBHeroicLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuasardb
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