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DBMS > Derby vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#344  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbywww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftMicrosoftSenX
Initial release1997201020192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2015
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava.NET and CCJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM.NEThostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyes infoWarpScript
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infoMVCCno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLWarp 10
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