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DBMS > Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Linter

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesRDBMS for high security requirements
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.leanxcale.comlinter.ru
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleLeanXcalerelex.ru
Initial release19972012201720151990
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infothrough Apache Derbyyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJavaJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'noyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleLinter
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