DBMS > Derby vs. Dgraph vs. GigaSpaces vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Dgraph vs. GigaSpaces vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented Transactions

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Values are user defined objects

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Search engine

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#188	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#6	Object oriented DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

db.apache.org/derby

dgraph.io

www.gigaspaces.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

docs.gigaspaces.com/latest/landing.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Gigaspaces Technologies

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

1997

2016

2000

2011

2014

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

15.5, September 2020

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial licenses available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, C++, .Net

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML can be used for describing objects metadata

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-99 for query and DML statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

yes, event driven architecture

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication

synchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication

synchronous or asynchronous

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Map-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executors

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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