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DBMS > Datomic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used in-process key-value storeEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.stardog.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperCognitectOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleStardog-UnionSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2012199420102022
Current release1.0.7075, December 202318.1.40, May 20207.3.0, May 2020v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)JavaRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users and rolesyes, based on authentication and database rules

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DatomicOracle Berkeley DBStardogSurrealDB
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