DBMS > Datomic vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Widely used open source RDBMS

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.datomic.com

www.mysql.com

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.singlestore.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

docs.singlestore.com

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Cognitect

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oxford Semantic Technologies

SingleStore Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

1995

2017

2013

2019

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

6.0, Septermber 2022

8.5, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C and C++

C++

C++, Go

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
Java

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Roles, resources, and access types

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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