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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftMireoTimescale
Initial release2012201920202017
Current release1.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubesyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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DatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTimeTimescaleDB
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