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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environmentsSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.htmlwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSAP infoformerly SybaseMireo
Initial release20122019201019922020
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 202417, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptyes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perlno
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroringReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
DatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereSpaceTime
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